Various questions about weightlifting

I see a trainer every 3 weeks. He works me out and then write me up a new routine. I've had a lot of questions this past week.

When I first started out my trainer had me doing heart rate intervals. It took a long time for my heart rate to come down after each high interval. Now it is coming down in 2-3 minutes. With this latest routine my trainer has added on 15 minutes of fat burning heart-rate cardio (122 for my age) right after weight training. I've found it takes forever for my heartrate to come down - today after my 15 minutes of slow walking it was still at 135. Why does it take long to come down after weight training than for cardio?

I'm a type 1 diabetic. I've found that with this higher intensity weight training that my blood sugars will raise, but go down with cardio. What is happening with the weight training that my blood sugar would be higher?

So I' supposed to have protein right after weight training so it can start working with the muscles. I know from experience that if my blood sugar is low that it is best to have carbs that don't have a much or any fat as the fat will slow down the digestion and won't get the glucose to my cells fast enough. Is it the same with protein and weight training? Will the fat slow the process of getting the protein where it needs to be?

And how much protein should I have after my weights?