Help me with my diet/exercise plan?

Hello. I am a 21 year old Asian female, 156cm tall and currently at 50kg. I've been using MFP intermittently for a while now, but lately I've gotten more into it and I really want to set myself up for a healthier lifestyle. I am currently at university and I am dental student with very full days treating patients. I don't tend to exercise regularly, though my daily activity would probably be "lightly active" because I'm not at a desk job or something.

I'm still kind of confused as to how to get to my goal. I'm trying to lose the flabby parts on my body (mostly the stomach and the face, especially under the chin) and tone up my limbs, so in other words decrease my fat percentage and increase my muscle. I've always been a chubby child and teenager in those areas I've mentioned above, but I'm just so sick of it and I want to have a pathway to achieve what I want (as well as maintain it, of course).

I find if I let myself go completely, I eat about 1500cal a day (occasionally worse if I'm really stressed out). I've tried to limit my diet to 1200cal, then 1350cal. I'm not sure if sometimes the foods that I'm eating (which are unhealthy, like fast food, though I keep within my calorie limit) don't sustain me for long enough so I end up eating more? There are days when 1200cal is fine, then other days when I starve at 1200cal. I did a quick Google search and found that my BMR may be higher than 1200cal based on my stats so I upped my limit to 1350cal yesterday... not sure if that's the best but I guess we'll see how I feel?

Anyway, a few things I'd really like to know is:
a) How many calories should I be eating?
b) How do I ensure I keep a good intake of protein? Most things with protein in it inevitably have fat, so I can never eat a good proportion of protein in my diet.
c) What kind of strength-training exercises would you recommend for a complete beginner like me? I'm comfortable with cardio, but weight machines just look intimidating in the gym and because I'm so terrible with push-ups and sit-ups I give up and don't do them regularly. Any way to sort of ease into it so I don't burn out exercising and get fed up? What about reps and all that stuff?
d) Is regular snacking on small, healthy meals good for the body as well as curbing emotional eating habits?

Thank you all so much for going through this monster post of mine! Your input will be greatly appreciated!