Stop taking artificial sweetners!

michael300891

Hi all, don't often write on here anymore, but wanted to share. New paper came out today (Journal Nature: http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature13793.html)

Summary Quote:


"Taken together, these results suggest that artificial sweetners promote metabolic derangements in a range of formulations, doses, mouse strains and diets paralleling human conditions, in both the lean and the obese state."


Brief summary:

In summary, the paper involves an intervention given at artificial sweetners (in mice), which are used extensively by humans (specifically saccharin, sucralose and aspartame) and calling for a massive review of use within the diet. This is supported by some human observational and interventional work.


The method:

They gave mice water, glucose or sucrose with/without artificial sweetners and the groups consuming artificial sweetners developed glucose intolerance.

Sacharin had the most pronounced effect. They investigated this further and gave pure glucose as a control or sacharrin and impressively the sacharrin group led to impaired glucose tolerance, whereas glucose tolerance did not. Importantly, the amount of sacharrin given was within physiological range by bodyweight often consumed by humans (within FDA guidelines etc).

With the human study, they found positive correlations between sweetner consumption (in 381 non-diabetic individuals) and metabolic syndrome parameters :"Including increased weight and wist-to-hip ratio, higher fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, and glucose tolerance". These effects existed even after correction to BMI.

Most importantly, in a one week intervention with 7 humans consuming a maximal FDA approved dose of sacharrin, after one week 4 of 7 humans developed a significantly poorer glycaemic responses.



Mechanistically:

These sweetners have been considered not to affect metabolism because they pass undigested through the GI tract. However, they do encounter gut microbiota which can affect metabolism.

What this paper found is that the use of sweetners promotes a change in the type of bacteria in the guy, with an over-representation of Baceroides and an under-representation of Clostridiales - typically associated with Type II diabetes.



My intepretation:

I think whats really concerning here is the that people most at risk (i.e. diabetes patients, metabolic syndromes such as high blood pressure, obesity etc), are more likely to be consuming 'light' options to reduce calorie intake. These options typically contain these sweetners.

However, I don't think we can yet say whether consuming the non-light options (which would probably have higher calorie content) is any better if it results in a greater positive energy balance per day...

JoRocka

I'm so in.

BlueBombers

Well, I guess I'm doomed cause I my

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Edited to add pic.

SarcasmIsMyLoveLanguage

Oh this is gonna be fun.

In for the ensuing butt-hurt.

drazani

Brb *getting popcorn*

tjl2329

I am diabetic. I tried going all natural. I gained weight. So now I've reduced my intake of these. But I wish I could give them up. I'm still working on it. Sometimes I really want a good cup of coffee. Unfortunately splendid because it is medically dangerous for me to eat sugar. I am interested in research on this. I do know diet coke makes my kidneys over work. Diet Snapple to. Not sure why. Just does. Is artificial sweeteners or other ingredients.

michael300891

Oh this is gonna be fun.

In for the ensuing butt-hurt.

I presume you mean people butt-hurting me?

Your probably right, but hopefully a few people will take the time to read a well conducted journal of nature study and consider the findings. I'm only hoping to share the information.

Your of course welcome to dismiss as bull****

VeggieKidMandy

Ive read that pretty much any type of refined sugar or artificial sugar sweeteners are horrible for you through multiple sources. As soon as I stopped eating things with artificial sweeteners and added sugars, i had more energy, i was less hungry and my migraines went away. Thanks for the article! It was an interesting read

kaseyr1505

I'm so thankful I'm human and not a mouse. I feel bad for all the mice here, they seem to get the short end of the stick.

SarcasmIsMyLoveLanguage

Oh this is gonna be fun.

In for the ensuing butt-hurt.

I presume you mean people butt-hurting me?

Your probably right, but hopefully a few people will take the time to read a well conducted journal of nature study and consider the findings. I'm only hoping to share the information.

Your of course welcome to dismiss as bull****

Not necessarily you personally, just the *kitten* storm that usually ensues with these types of posts. It all starts out okay but then about 2 pages in someone decides to pick a fight and it all goes downhill from there. It does provide great entertainment mind you.

RGv2

In.

michael300891

I'm so thankful I'm human and not a mouse. I feel bad for all the mice here, they seem to get the short end of the stick.

Good point, but this study wasnt just in mice.

It was also correlational in 400 humans.

And interventional in 7 (admittedly a small sample) with 4 of 7 humans exposed to an FDA approved dose of saccharin becoming substantially glucose impaired within one week.

jdickerson14

"Hungry for Change" is a good documentary on Netflix regarding artificial sweeteners. I'm only about halfway through but recommend it to others. Whether you agree with all points or not, it's always good to have information.

runner475

They gave mice water, glucose or sucrose with/without artificial sweetners and the groups consuming artificial sweetners developed glucose intolerance.

With the human study, they found positive correlations between sweetner consumption (in 381 non-diabetic individuals) and metabolic syndrome parameters :"Including increased weight and wist-to-hip ratio, higher fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin, and glucose tolerance". These effects existed even after correction to BMI.

Thanks for posting.
I'm one of those who always likes to know what's going on in R & D. I may agree to it or I may not but I love staying informed of what's going on in the field of science.
So thanks for taking time to post.

In this case I do strongly agree to what I have bolded and quoting me further isn't going to help. I agree to it and I'm sticking to it.

AmigaMaria001

I'm Hypoglycemic... 61 years old... Have been using at least 4 tsp of Sweet n Low (Saccharin) daily for the past 45 yrs.
NO effect! none!
"The fear-mongering and misinformation plaguing the faux-sweetener market seems to be rooted in a common misconception. No evidence indicates that sweeteners cause obesity; people with weight problems simply tend to eat more of it. While recent studies have suggested a possible link between artificial sweeteners and obesity, a direct link between additives and weight gain has yet to be found. The general consensus in the scientific community is that saccharin, aspartame and sucralose are harmless when consumed in moderation. And while cyclamate is still banned in the U.S., many other countries still allow it; it can even be found in the Canadian version of Sweet'n Low. Low-calorie additives won't make you thinner or curb your appetite. But they help unsweetened food taste better without harming you. And that's sweet enough."
http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1931116,00.html

SandyBVTN

I recommend Zevia sodas. They are pretty yummy (most of them at least) and have no artificial sweeteners or sugar. It's a nice alternative for those who are uncomfortable with the idea of aspartame but enjoy having a pop.

drazani

Further reading http://news.sciencemag.org/biology/2014/09/artificial-sweeteners-may-contribute-diabetes-controversial-study-finds and http://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-non-caloric-artificial-sweeteners-nas-and-glucose-intolerance/

Looks like there is further research needed.

michael300891

I'm Hypoglycemic... 61 years old... Have been using at least 4 tsp of Sweet n Low (Saccharin) daily for the past 45 yrs.
NO effect! none!
"The fear-mongering and misinformation plaguing the faux-sweetener market seems to be rooted in a common misconception. No evidence indicates that sweeteners cause obesity; people with weight problems simply tend to eat more of it. While recent studies have suggested a possible link between artificial sweeteners and obesity, a direct link between additives and weight gain has yet to be found. The general consensus in the scientific community is that saccharin, aspartame and sucralose are harmless when consumed in moderation. And while cyclamate is still banned in the U.S., many other countries still allow it; it can even be found in the Canadian version of Sweet'n Low. Low-calorie additives won't make you thinner or curb your appetite. But they help unsweetened food taste better without harming you. And that's sweet enough."
http://content.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1931116,00.html

Someone above made a good point about how this sort of post can develop into an argument. So im not going to counter what your saying. All I will say is that the article you have linked is an online article written in 2009. The information presented above was not available at the time (hence why it's in Nature as artificial sweetners have always been considered to be as described in that quote).

Not to mention this data comes from a nature paper, which whilst not guaranteeing its perfect by any means, has probably gone through one of the strictest peer-review process on the planet to make sure its conclusions are not inappropriate or data flawed etc.

But it is still just one research paper and obviously have to take everything with a pinch of salt and consider real-life implications.

michael300891

Further reading http://news.sciencemag.org/biology/2014/09/artificial-sweeteners-may-contribute-diabetes-controversial-study-finds and http://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-non-caloric-artificial-sweeteners-nas-and-glucose-intolerance/

Looks like there is further research needed.

Absolutely agreed with these comments. It's certainly to early to jump either way, but definitely raises questions.

GothyFaery

I can't have artificial sweetners because they give me migrains and make me sick. But barring some kind of sensitivity, I don't see what could be wrong with them (in moderation, of course, everything in moderation). Why does everyone feel the need to control what other people put in their body?

michael300891

I can't have artificial sweetners because they give me migrains and make me sick. But barring some kind of sensitivity, I don't see what could be wrong with them (in moderation, of course, everything in moderation). Why does everyone feel the need to control what other people put in their body?

Just out of curiosity (sorry for going off topic) do you get this with MSG? I get migraines from sweetners but also MSG really bad its my main trigger. As I said just a curiosity!

diannethegeek

It's certainly to early to jump either way, but definitely raises questions.

Stop taking artificial sweeteners!

^These two statements would seem to be in disagreement with each other.

Ninkyou

I read it and all I can say is now I have Def Leopard's "Pour Some Sugar on Me" stuck in my head. Thanks.

Also, I trust Mary Poppins.

GothyFaery

I can't have artificial sweetners because they give me migrains and make me sick. But barring some kind of sensitivity, I don't see what could be wrong with them (in moderation, of course, everything in moderation). Why does everyone feel the need to control what other people put in their body?

Just out of curiosity (sorry for going off topic) do you get this with MSG? I get migraines from sweetners but also MSG really bad its my main trigger. As I said just a curiosity!

I've never added MSG to food and I really don't pay attention if it's in what I'm eating or not so I really can't say for sure. I would guess no just because I've never really noticed but again, I can't say with any certainty one way or the other.

michael300891

It's certainly to early to jump either way, but definitely raises questions.

Stop taking artificial sweeteners!

^These two statements would seem to be in disagreement with each other.

Yeh agreed, and I apologise for the tacky headline. However, if I had wrote

"Some new (and thus inherently questionable) evidence suggests that it may be worth reconsidering how much artificial sweetners you should consume in your diet and balance the proposed negative effects of consuming the lower calorie high sweetner product versus the well-documented affects of a calorie surplus if the additional calorie intake you would get from eating the higher calorie lower sweetner product puts you into an (undesired) energy surplus over a prolonged period of time."

It would be a bit more accurate, but no-one would bother to load the page.

GothyFaery

It's certainly to early to jump either way, but definitely raises questions.

Stop taking artificial sweeteners!

^These two statements would seem to be in disagreement with each other.

Yeh agreed, and I apologise for the tacky headline. However, if I had wrote

"Some new (and thus inherently questionable) evidence suggests that it may be worth reconsidering how much artificial sweetners you should consume in your diet and balance the proposed negative effects of consuming the lower calorie high sweetner product versus the well-documented affects of a calorie surplus if the additional calorie intake you would get from eating the higher calorie lower sweetner product puts you into an (undesired) energy surplus over a prolonged period of time."

It would be a bit more accurate, but no-one would bother to load the page.

I don't know, if I saw a title that long, I would probably need to click on it. But you're right, not as catchy.

ldrosophila

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2012 Nov;15(6):597-604. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e328359678a.
Artificial sweeteners: a place in the field of functional foods? Focus on obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Raben A1, Richelsen B.
Author information
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:
Artificial sweeteners can be a helpful tool to reduce energy intake and body weight and thereby risk for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Considering the prevailing diabesity (obesity and diabetes) epidemic, this can, therefore, be an important alternative to natural, calorie-containing sweeteners. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the effect of artificial sweeteners on body weight, appetite, and risk markers for diabetes and CVD in humans.
RECENT FINDINGS:
Short-term intervention studies have shown divergent results wrt appetite regulation, but overall artificial sweeteners cannot be claimed to affect hunger. Data from longer term intervention studies are scarce, but together they point toward a beneficial effect of artificial sweeteners on energy intake, body weight, liver fat, fasting and postprandial glycemia, insulinemia, and/or lipidemia compared with sugar. Epidemiological studies are not equivocal, but large cohort studies from the USA point toward decreased body weight and lower risk of type-2 diabetes and coronory heart diseases with increased intake of artificial sweeteners compared with sugar.
SUMMARY:
Artificial sweeteners, especially in beverages, can be a useful aid to maintain reduced energy intake and body weight and decrease risk of type-2 diabetes and CVD compared with sugars. However, confirmative long-term intervention trials are still needed.

I only have access to the abstract, but I found this interesting. Anecdotally diet drinks sometimes quell my binges.

SarcasmIsMyLoveLanguage

I can't have artificial sweetners because they give me migrains and make me sick. But barring some kind of sensitivity, I don't see what could be wrong with them (in moderation, of course, everything in moderation). Why does everyone feel the need to control what other people put in their body?

Just out of curiosity (sorry for going off topic) do you get this with MSG? I get migraines from sweetners but also MSG really bad its my main trigger. As I said just a curiosity!

I've never added MSG to food and I really don't pay attention if it's in what I'm eating or not so I really can't say for sure. I would guess no just because I've never really noticed but again, I can't say with any certainty one way or the other.

I haven't eaten Chinese food in at least 10 years, since I discovered MSG was what was causing me severe gastrointestinal issues, similar to food poisoning.

dbmata

I love this from Gawker.com:

Artificial Sweeteners May Actually Raise Your Blood Sugar, Ha
Hamilton Nolan

If you are the hopeful, "never say die" sort of person who consumes artificial sweeteners in your diet in order to lower your sugar intake, allow me to inform you that you may have been accomplishing the opposite of what you wanted, all this time. Burn. » Today 3:14pm

http://gawker.com/artificial-sweeteners-may-actually-raise-your-blood-sug-1635955923

BURN!

Cortelli

This study is interesting in part because of the focus on gut bacteria and its effects on our bodies, which I think is a pretty hot but not the subject of a lot of rigorous studies to date.

There is a write-up of this study in the WSJ today, too, and it ends with (again) what I find most interesting about this:

Artificial sweeteners have been around for more than a century. But no one thought to embark on this type of study before because scientists' understanding of how gut microbes respond to different foods and the metabolic changes they induce is still in its infancy.

Some 100 trillion microbes live in the human body. Taken together, they have at least 100 times more genes than we do. Crucially—unlike the genes we are born with—those microbes can be easily manipulated via drugs or by changing what we eat. This knowledge has sparked a big push to understand the role of microbes in regulating human health.

The authors of the Nature study, for example, are now recruiting hundreds of volunteers to participate in a much more ambitious study that will try to establish a link between colonies of gut bacteria, their responses to hundreds of common food products, and the physical changes they together induce in connection with obesity, diabetes and other diseases.

Link (but may be behind paywall): http://online.wsj.com/articles/research-shows-zero-calorie-sweeteners-can-raise-blood-sugar-1410973201?mod=WSJ_hppMIDDLENexttoWhatsNewsSecond

Cortelli

Oh - and, yeah, the thread title may be eye-catching, but it is way over the top / disconnected from the study. While you (OP) may think it will attract clicks, that's not always a good thing when one's first response (and a not entirely illogical one) might be: