Sodium- come on people, scare me!

Unless you have high blood pressure or a specific genetic disposition for same, don't worry about it. And if you get a good sweat going at the gym, you might even need more!

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jacob-teitelbaum-md/salt-health_b_903673.html

As for your other points, yes - it is not one size fits all. But that is liek arguing that alcohol and cigarettes only badly effect certain people and other people can drink and smoke and it not be detrimental to their health.

Plenty of people drink alcohol in moderation without it having bad effects on their health.

As for smoking, the vast majority of people who do it, do it many hundreds of thousands of times, not 'in moderation.' But there still are outliers...

"arguing that alcohol and cigarettes only badly effect certain people and other people can drink and smoke and it not be detrimental to their health. " - I put that line in in an attempt that the whole "I know someone who smoked and drank and they died when they were 96" - good for them, that is not what happens to the majority. And define "drink alcohol in moderation without having bad effects on their health" - because any alcohol taken is a "toxin" so can taking toxins in moderation not have bad effects in health. Screws digestion up as the very quick starting point to dispelling your assumption.

If you're working out intensely, make sure you get ample sodium.
Or another way to go about it is, barring any medical conditions where you are advised to limit sodium, don't worry about sodium. It usually sorts itself out quite fine. People spend needless energy trying to restrict sodium. Spend that energy on hitting your calories and macros and doing great workouts.

"arguing that alcohol and cigarettes only badly effect certain people and other people can drink and smoke and it not be detrimental to their health. " - I put that line in in an attempt that the whole "I know someone who smoked and drank and they died when they were 96" - good for them, that is not what happens to the majority. And define "drink alcohol in moderation without having bad effects on their health" - because any alcohol taken is a "toxin" so can taking toxins in moderation not have bad effects in health. Screws digestion up as the very quick starting point to dispelling your assumption.

I can define moderation, but you cannot define "toxin" without resorting to arbitrary terms like "natural" and "minimum dosage." Otherwise please provide a definition that includes ethanol but not fructose, because my body handles both in very similar ways, and ingesting a small amount of either does no permanent damage to my body.

Ten Newtons doesn't sound like a lot, and in moderation it isn't. But not in moderation, it can be deadly. If you were to be hit in the chest by a 10 gram marble going at 1000 meters per second, that would impart 10 Newtons, and it would rip through your heart/lungs and kill you. If a 10 gram marble hit your chest at 10 meters per second once a day for 100 days that would also impart 10 Newtons of force on you, but you would suffer no real or permanent damage. Even if you did get a little bruise from each one, your body would still repair itself.

That is moderation. It is doing something at a level below your body's ability to bounce back or repair itself. Alcohol in small doses doesn't cause permanent damage. Cigarette smoke isn't as magically horrible as people make it out to be either. It's just combustion of plant material, and any plant would contain a bunch of similar "bad for you" byproducts. If someone smokes once in a while, their lungs and body can get rid of tar, regrow any lost cilia etc, and return to normal without permanent damage. If you were to breathe as much campfire smoke as smokers do cigarette smoke, it would be just as bad for you. But nobody gets emphysema or lung cancer from sitting around a campfire because they don't inhale massive overdoses of the smoke as an hourly habit. That's why there is no Surgeon General's warning about campfires.