Interesting Studies: Probably low carb related in one way or another
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It will be interesting to see what comes out in the next few years on the topic!1
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It will be interesting to see what comes out in the next few years on the topic!
I agree. It'll also be nice if we rediscover what we already knew and stop with the low fat dairy, lean meat, 10+ servings of vegetables, healthy whole grains & fiber nonsense. Or if we insist that's what we should be eating at least produce some RCT's to back it up.
1932 paper: Lack of cereals (cereal grains) and abundance of Vitamin D and calcium appeared responsible for absence of tooth decay:0 -
AlabasterVerve wrote: »It will be interesting to see what comes out in the next few years on the topic!
I agree. It'll also be nice if we rediscover what we already knew and stop with the low fat dairy, lean meat, 10+ servings of vegetables, healthy whole grains & fiber nonsense. Or if we insist that's what we should be eating at least produce some RCT's to back it up.
1932 paper: Lack of cereals (cereal grains) and abundance of Vitamin D and calcium appeared responsible for absence of tooth decay:
The biggest issues isn't that its low fat, lean protein, etc... The problem actually is they have a standard recommendation which doesn't account for individual difference in eating styles.
While it was unintentional, i somewhat follow the recommendation. I lost and kept off 50 lbs for 6 years. But it aligned to my natural eating habits which is why i was successful.
If anything, i think it would be more productive if they added a bit more protein and a bit less carbs. Since protein has the highest satiety factor, along with fiber, the two combined should provide for the highest chance of weight loss and weight stability.1 -
Re: Brain fogginess, gas and bloating: a link between SIBO, probiotics and metabolic acidosis
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Probiotic use is a link between brain fogginess, severe bloating
D-lactic acid is known to be temporarily toxic to brain cells, interfering with cognition, thinking and sense of time. They found some patients had two to three times the normal amount of D-lactic acid in their blood. Some said their brain fogginess -- which lasted from a half hour to many hours after eating -- was so severe that they had to quit their jobs.
The report in the journal Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology appears to be the first time the connection has been made between brain fogginess, bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine, high levels of D-lactic acid in the gut and probiotic use, Rao says.
"What we now know is that probiotic bacteria have the unique capacity to break down sugar and produce D-lactic acid. So if you inadvertently colonize your small bowel with probiotic bacteria, then you have set the stage for potentially developing lactic acidosis and brain fogginess," Rao says.
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The Carnivore Diet Is the Latest Fad to Ignore That Food Does More Than Just Feed Us by Alan Levinovitz
"One valuable lesson of the diet is that human bodies are remarkably resilient: You can *kitten* without fiber and avoid scurvy without vegetables!"
Article making the rounds that weirdly I rather liked. It also seems to have moved people beyond their concerns over scurvy and constipation and they're now worried about eating disorders, brain damage and colon cancer. It was all rather funny because I think they might be serious - hard to tell. lol1 -
Nutritional Ketosis for Weight Management and Reversal of Metabolic Syndrome
Nutritional ketosis has been found to improve metabolic and inflammatory markers, including lipids, HbA1c, high-sensitivity CRP, fasting insulin and glucose levels, and aid in weight management. We discuss these findings and elaborate on potential mechanisms of ketones for promoting weight loss, decreasing hunger, and increasing satiety.
Humans have evolved with the capacity for metabolic flexibility and the ability to use ketones for fuel. During states of low dietary carbohydrate intake, insulin levels remain low and ketogenesis takes place. These conditions promote breakdown of excess fat stores, sparing of lean muscle, and improvement in insulin sensitivity.
Source via Bikman0 -
The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiologic Research
The emerging picture of nutritional epidemiology is difficult to reconcile with good scientific principles. The field needs radical reform.
Article
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Study on the levels of glycosylated lipoprotein in patients with coronary artery atherosclerosis.
CONCLUSION:
Hyperlipidemia is not an important cause of coronary atherosclerosis. High glucose levels and glycosylated lipoprotein are of high importance in the development and progression of coronary atherosclerosis.
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References: https://www.neslazeno.cz/odborna-literatura/0
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Eating a diet that is low in carbohydrates could mean you die younger, a 25-year study has suggested
https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/food-plans-that-replace-carbohydrates-with-protein-and-fat-are-giving-wrong-advice-says-new-study
Food plans which replace carbs with protein and fat, such as the Ketogenic or Atkins diets, have gained popularity, and endorsed by celebrities such as Gwyneth Paltrow and Kim Kardashian.
But research found those with low carb diets died an average of four years earlier than those with moderate intakes. Even people with high intakes fared better than those who cut out carbohydrates.
“Low-carb diets that replace carbohydrates with protein or fat are gaining widespread popularity as a health and weight loss strategy,” said study leader Dr Sara Seidelmann, from Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston. “However, our data suggests that animal-based low carbohydrate diets might be associated with shorter overall lifespan and should be discouraged.
“If one chooses to follow a low carbohydrate diet, then exchanging carbohydrates for more plant-based fats and proteins might actually promote healthy ageing in the long term.”
For the study, which was published in Lancet Public Health, researchers followed 15,428 adults aged 45-64 over two decades from 1987. The researchers found that, from age 50, average life expectancy was 83 years for those with moderate carbohydrate intake (50-55 per cent of daily calories), which was four years longer than those with very low carbohydrate consumption (less than 40 per cent of calories) who lived an average of 79 years. Those with a high carb intake (greater than 70 per cent of daily calories), lived until an average age of 82.
Researchers also found that replacing carbohydrates with protein and fat from animal sources was associated with a higher risk of mortality than moderate carbohydrate intake whereas replacing with plant-based foods was linked to a lower risk of mortality.
The authors speculated that Western-type diets that heavily restrict carbohydrates often lead to greater consumption of animal proteins and fats, which may drive inflammation, biological ageing and oxidative stress.
Catherine Collins, an NHS dietitian, said: “No aspect of nutrition is so hotly contended on social media than the carb versus fat debate, despite the long-term evidence on health benefits supporting the higher carb argument.
“Yet supporters of the cult of Low Carb High Fat eating will no doubt disagree with this newest research. Such a stance is at odds with advice from WHO and government health bodies that recommend a carb intake to provide half our daily calorie needs.”
Prof Nita Forouhi, from the MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, added: “This finding is spot on in line with the Public Health England dietary guidelines in the UK.”
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Thank you for contributing @Wetcoaster but just to be clear that study is BS and has prompted criticism from every corner.
John Ioannidis, in JAMA, on the incredibly flawed foundations of nutritional research and dietary recommendations. Given subscribers here are likely interested in nutrition, I believe this to be an important enough read that I don't want to recommend you read anything else. -Yoni Freedhoff0 -
Yes I do know that..... I just thought I would put it out there for discussion
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Here is a link to the study
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(18)30135-X/fulltext
Oops...it did work. I just copied in and pasted it and it worked fine.0 -
This is a good read also
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/23-studies-on-low-carb-and-low-fat-diets#section10 -
Wetcoaster wrote: »This is a good read also
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/23-studies-on-low-carb-and-low-fat-diets#section1
Funny this is, this has been on the forums for several years. I always laugh because they never hold protein constant and it doesn't differentiate fat loss. If they want to design a low carb vs low fat study well, hold protein constant and do a lay in period so you can get results post water weight loss.3 -
Good resource for anyone interested in the clinical trials being done on ketogentic diets and cancer.
clinicaltrials.gov0 -
Worthwhile thread on lipids/cholesterol:
Section 1: discusses the mechanisms.
Section 2: the effect of insulin.
Section 3: the relationship with other blood markers.
Section 4: the effect of diet.
Section 5: the impact in atherosclerosis.
Section 6: longevity syndrome (separate thread - in progress)
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Low-fat versus ketogenic diet in parkinson's disease: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
RESULTS: We randomized 47 patients, of which 44 commenced the diets and 38 completed the study (86% completion rate for patients commencing the diets). The ketogenic diet group maintained physiological ketosis. Both groups significantly decreased their MDS-UPDRS scores, but the ketogenic group decreased more in Part 1 (41% improvement in baseline Part 1 scores) compared to the low-fat group (11% improvement) (P < 0.001), with the largest between-group decreases observed for urinary problems, pain and other sensations, fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and cognitive impairment. There were no between-group differences in the magnitude of decrease for Parts 2 to 4. The most common adverse effects were excessive hunger in the low-fat group and intermittent exacerbation of the PD tremor and/or rigidity in the ketogenic group.
CONCLUSIONS: It is plausible and safe for PD patients to maintain a low-fat or ketogenic diet for 8 weeks. Both diet groups significantly improved in motor and nonmotor symptoms; however, the ketogenic group showed greater improvements in nonmotor symptoms.
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Kevin Hall on doubly labeled water and low carb/ketogenic diets:
Believes doubly labeled water might not be valid for low carb and ketogenic diets. (Energy expenditure was 209±83 kcal/d higher than expected compared to baseline which didn't match other measures of energy expenditure.)0 -
AlabasterVerve wrote: »Kevin Hall on doubly labeled water and low carb/ketogenic diets:
Believes doubly labeled water might not be valid for low carb and ketogenic diets. (Energy expenditure was 209±83 kcal/d higher than expected compared to baseline which didn't match other measures of energy expenditure.)
I think it is possible he is trying to explain away his DLW results from his keto energy expenditure study with the so-called isocaloric KD from a couple of years ago. The DLW showed a raisesd EE of about 150 kcal whereas the EE chamber showed an increase of just less than 60kcal. If the DLW was right, that's an extra pound lost every 3 weeks, or up to 17 lbs a year.
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/104/2/324/4564649
But no EE benefit, right?
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AlabasterVerve wrote: »Kevin Hall on doubly labeled water and low carb/ketogenic diets:
Believes doubly labeled water might not be valid for low carb and ketogenic diets. (Energy expenditure was 209±83 kcal/d higher than expected compared to baseline which didn't match other measures of energy expenditure.)
I think it is possible he is trying to explain away his DLW results from his keto energy expenditure study with the so-called isocaloric KD from a couple of years ago. The DLW showed a raisesd EE of about 150 kcal whereas the EE chamber showed an increase of just less than 60kcal. If the DLW was right, that's an extra pound lost every 3 weeks, or up to 17 lbs a year.
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/104/2/324/4564649
But no EE benefit, right?
Assuming all things have linear relationships wouldn't be a good assumption. Its rare to find those types of relationships.
And IIRC, the increase in EE was temporary and didn't lead to additional fat loss. It was more explained as a result of the body creating ketones. So if that thought was true, it would explain why it disappeared after a few days.0 -
AlabasterVerve wrote: »Kevin Hall on doubly labeled water and low carb/ketogenic diets:
Believes doubly labeled water might not be valid for low carb and ketogenic diets. (Energy expenditure was 209±83 kcal/d higher than expected compared to baseline which didn't match other measures of energy expenditure.)
I think it is possible he is trying to explain away his DLW results from his keto energy expenditure study with the so-called isocaloric KD from a couple of years ago. The DLW showed a raisesd EE of about 150 kcal whereas the EE chamber showed an increase of just less than 60kcal. If the DLW was right, that's an extra pound lost every 3 weeks, or up to 17 lbs a year.
https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article/104/2/324/4564649
But no EE benefit, right?
Assuming all things have linear relationships wouldn't be a good assumption. Its rare to find those types of relationships.
And IIRC, the increase in EE was temporary and didn't lead to additional fat loss. It was more explained as a result of the body creating ketones. So if that thought was true, it would explain why it disappeared after a few days.
As I understand it, they assumed increased EE was temporary because it was on the decline when the study ended. It was not a long term study.
But we probably shouldn't debate that he and derail this thread. We've argued this a fair bit in the past anyways.
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I don't think he's trying to explain away the results in a negative, trying to defend his work way. I think there's legitimate basis for thinking the DLW needs to be validated for low carb diets.0
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AlabasterVerve wrote: »I don't think he's trying to explain away the results in a negative, trying to defend his work way. I think there's legitimate basis for thinking the DLW needs to be validated for low carb diets.
Could be. My anti-Hall bias could be shining through. 2 -
LOL I understand. 0
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AlabasterVerve wrote: »I don't think he's trying to explain away the results in a negative, trying to defend his work way. I think there's legitimate basis for thinking the DLW needs to be validated for low carb diets.
I think its a good thing. Evolving measurements and modeling is a pinnacle to evolving science.1 -
If anyone is wondering why Alan Aragon deleted his accounts here's a summary of events and links to those in the fitness industry who are commenting.
tl;dr Alan Aragon posted that he had a problem with alcoholism. He was called out and it turned out he had been kicked out of a conference for repeatedly harassing multiple women (and that he had done it before). -inde_, Reddit
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Julia Belluz: The myth of the slow metabolism
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Re: Follow up to this post/study from February:AlabasterVerve wrote: »Effect of Low-Fat vs Low-Carbohydrate Diet on 12-Month Weight Loss in Overweight Adults and the Association With Genotype Pattern or Insulin Secretion
Findings In this randomized clinical trial among 609 overweight adults, weight change over 12 months was not significantly different for participants in the HLF diet group (−5.3 kg) vs the HLC diet group (−6.0 kg), and there was no significant diet-genotype interaction or diet-insulin interaction with 12-month weight loss.
Source
STUDY DESIGN & METHODS
Participants received explicit instructions that the rate of restriction was
not critical to the study, and that reaching the 20 grams per day in two vs. four vs. six vs.
eight weeks was not considered to carry any advantage or disadvantage. Therefore, their rate
could be variable and individually tailored. The instructions also included a clear statement
that, even though 20 grams per day was the objective, any individuals who were unable to
reach those low levels would not be dropped from the study or considered to be non-
compliant; rather, the expectation was more consistent with the concept of the party game
Limbo – go as low as you can go.
Once participants reached their lowest level of fat or
carbohydrate intake, they were encouraged to maintain that level for at least a few weeks.
There was no specific set time for maintaining the lowest level. Rather, it was explained to
participants that the goal was to provide them with the personal experience of being
anchored at the lowest level they could achieve and maintain, at least for a week or two.
SourceWorth following up on to see what comes of it:
Hall/Gardner: Objective versus Self-Reported Energy Intake Changes During Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets
Conclusions: Self-reported measurements of ΔEI were inaccurate. Model-based calculations of ΔEI found that instructions to follow the low-carbohydrate diet resulted in greater calorie restriction than the low-fat diet in the early phases of the intervention, but these diet differences were not sustained.
Source
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